Monga tonse tikudziwa, malo opangira mafuta amagwiritsa ntchito malasha ndi mafuta opangira magetsi, hydrouwer stration amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuti apange magetsi, ndipo mbandaku yamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuti apange magetsi. Kodi maudindo a nyukiliya amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuti apange chiyani? Zimagwira bwanji? Kodi ubwino ndi zovuta ndi ziti?
1. Kupanga ndi mfundo za chomera cha nyukiliya
Maudindo anyukiliya ndi mtundu watsopano wamagetsi wamagetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zomwe zili mu nyukiliya kuti apange mphamvu yamagetsi mutatembenuka. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi magawo awiri: chilumba cha nyukiliya (N1) ndi Island Island (CI). Zida zazikulu mu chilumba cha nyukiliya ndi mpweya wagesi uja ndi othandiza zida.
Chomera champhamvu cha nyukiliya chimagwiritsa ntchito Uranium, chitsulo cholemera kwambiri, ngati zipatso. Uranium imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mafuta a zida za nyukiliya ndikuyiyika riyakitalayo. Chosiyidwa chimakhala ndi zida za riyakitala kuti utulutse mphamvu yambiri. Madzi omwe ali pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwambiri amatulutsa mphamvu ya kutentha ndikupanga nthunzi mu jenereta ya Steam kuti isinthe kutentha kwa kutentha. Steam imayendetsa turbine wa mpweya kuti izungulire kuthamanga kwambiri ndi jenereta, sinthani mphamvu yamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi, komanso mphamvu zamagetsi zidzapangidwa mosalekeza. Uwu ndiye mfundo yogwira ntchito yamphamvu ya nyukiliya.
2. Ubwino ndi zovuta zamphamvu za nyukiliya
Poyerekeza ndi mafuta opangira mafuta, mbewu za nyukiliya zimakhala ndi maubwino amphamvu zinyalala, zopanga kwambiri komanso zotsika kwambiri. Malinga ndi deta yoyenera, mphamvu zomwe zatulutsidwa kwathunthu ndi chivundikiro cha Uranium-235 ndizofanana ndi mphamvu ya matani 2700 malasha, zitha kuwoneka kuti kuwonongeka kwa mtengo wamagetsi kwa nyukiliya kumakhala kocheperako Imeneyi ya mafuta otembere, pomwe mphamvu yam'madzi yopangidwa ndiyokwera kwambiri kuposa momwe mafuta amagetsi amathandizira. Nthawi yomweyo, pali zinthu zachikhalidwe zachilengedwe mu malasha Amasulidwanso mwachindunji kukhala chilengedwe ngati phulusa lauluka, zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsa kwamlengalenga. Komabe, zokolola za nyukiliya zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zotchingira zimatanthawuza kupewa zodetsa kuti zitulutsidwe chilengedwe ndikuteteza chilengedwe kuti zikhale zinthu zina.
Komabe, mbewu za nyukiliya zimakumananso ndi mavuto awiri ovuta. Imodzi ndi kuipitsidwa kwamafuta. Zomera za nyukiliya zimatulutsa zowononga zambiri mu malo oyandikana ndi zomera zachilengedwe, kotero kuipitsa kwamafuta wamba, kotero kuwonongeka kwa mafuta wamba kwa zomera za nyukiliya ndikofunikira kwambiri. Pakadali pano, palibe njira yotetezeka komanso yopanda chitetezo kwa zinyalala za nyukiliya. Nthawi zambiri, imakhazikika ndikusungidwa munyumba yosungiramo zinthu za nyukiliya, kenako ndikupita kumalo osankhidwa ndi boma kuti isungidwe kapena chithandizo zaka 5-10.Ngakhale zinyalala za nyukiliya sizingathetsedwe kwakanthawi, chitetezo cha chosungiracho chimatsimikizika.
Palinso vuto lomwe limapangitsa anthu kuchita mantha polankhula za mphamvu ya nyukiliya - ngozi ya nyukiliya. Pakhala ngozi zingapo zazikulu m'mbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kutaya zinthu za racki ya nyukiliya mlengalenga, kumapangitsa kuwonongeka kwamuyaya ndi chilengedwe, ndipo chilengedwe champhamvu cha nyukiliya chatha. Komabe, ndikuwonongeka kwa malo okhala mlengalenga komanso kutha kwamphamvu kwa mphamvu, mphamvu ya nyukiliya, monga mphamvu yokhayo yomwe ingalowe m'malo mwa zinthu zakale pamlingo waukulu, zabwereranso ku malingaliro a anthu ambiri. Kumbali ina, amalimbitsa kuwongolera kwa ziweto za nyukiliya, kukonza ndikuwonjezera ndalama. Kumbali inayo, iwo amathandizira zida ndi ukadaulo ndipo amafunafuna njira yotetezeka yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi otetezeka. Pambuyo pazaka zosangalatsa, chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa mphamvu ya nyukiliya zakhala zikuyenda bwino. Mphamvu zogonda zamagetsi zopangidwa ndi zida za nyukiliya kumisiki yambiri kudzera mu gululi likuwonjezeka, ndipo pang'onopang'ono idayamba kulowa m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
3. Maulamuliro a nyukiliya
Mavesi a zida za nyukiliya amatanthauza ku mavumbi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachilumba cha nyukiliya (N1), Island Yachilengedwe (CI) ndi magetsi otetezedwa, imagawika pamlingo wa Ndege, II , III ndi gawo la nyukiliya. Chomera cha nyukiliya.
M'magawo a nyukiliya, maphungu a nyukiliya, monga gawo lofunikira, ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala. Gawo lotsatirazi liyenera kulingaliridwa:
.
.
.
Yemwe adadzipereka kupereka zida zapamwamba komanso zoyenerera kupita ku makampani a nyukiliya kwa zaka zambiri. Takhala nawo molingana ndi zopereka zothandiziraDambo Day Nuclear Power Mob chomera, Gungxi fangchenggang nyukiliya yomera, 404 Mzakudya za China National Nyukiliya MakampanindiMphamvu ya nyukiliya ya nyukiliya. Tili ndi kusankha kwa zinthu mosamala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba, kugwiritsa ntchito maluso ogwiritsa ntchito mogwira mtima, kuwongolera kwa akatswiri komanso kupanga ogwira ntchito, komanso kuwongolera malumikizidwe onse. Zogulitsazo zathandizira pamakampani a nyukiliya okhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso okhazikika.
4. Kugula kwa zida zamagetsi za nyukiliya
Zogulitsa zapaulendo zidapangidwa ndikupangidwa mogwirizana ndi miyezo yamagetsi yamagetsi, ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za ma vative, zoyenerera ndi zinthu zina zofunika popanga magetsi pazinthu zonse.
Twin Ferrule chubu choyenera: yadutsaMayeso adyera kuphatikiza mayeso a kugwedezeka ndi mayeso a pneumatic, ndipo amathandizidwa ndi ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wotsika, womwe umapereka chitsimikizo chodalirika cha kugwiritsa ntchito kwa ferrule; Mafuta a ferrule amakonzedwa ndi kuphika wa siliva, komwe kumapeputsa izi pokhazikitsa; Chitsambacho chimatengera kugubuduza ndi kukonza kuuma ndi kumaliza kwa nthaka ndikuwonjezera moyo wa ntchito ya zoyenerera. Zigawozi zimakhala ndi kusindikiza kodalirika, kuyika kwa anti, kuvala kukana, kuyika kosavuta, ndipo kumatha kusokonezedwa ndi kusokonezedwa mobwerezabwereza.
Glamentation Yoyenerera: Kupanikizika kwakukulu kumatha kukhala 12600psi, kutentha kwambiri kukana kumatha kufikira 538 ℃, ndipo mawonekedwe a zitsulo Ndi mabisi a kuwotchera.Mundu wowonjezera ukhoza kugawidwa kukhala metric dongosolo ndi makina a Fracrecal. Mafomu oyenera amaphatikizapo mgwirizano, chimbudzi, tee ndi mtanda, komwe kumatha kuzolowera mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhazikitsa.
Tube: Pambuyo pamakina kupukusa, kutola ndi njira zina, zakunja zakunja kwachulukitsa ndipo mkati mwake zimatha kufikira 12000pt, kulumikizana sikupitilira 9000pb Zodalirika, zomwe zimalepheretsa kutaya nthawi pakukakamizidwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya menic ndi fraction machitidwe amapezeka, ndipo kutalika kwake kumatha kusinthidwa.
Vangano Vangano: Zinthu za Chuma Chaikulu Vasili ndi Thupi la Astme Astme A182. Njira yokhululukirira ili ndi mawonekedwe ojambulajambula ndi kukana kwamphamvu, komwe kumatha kukupatsani chidindo chobwereza bwino. Valavu ya conical itha mosalekeza ndikusintha pang'ono pang'ono. Nthambi ya valavu ndi mpando wa Valve omwe amasindikizidwa moyo kuti athandize pa moyo wa Varve. Kapangidwe kakang'ono kamakwaniritsa zofunikira kuyika pamalo opapatiza, ndi moyo wautumiki wautumiki.
Mbale Valve:Bungwe la valavu imakhala ndi chidutswa chimodzi, chidutswa chachiwiri, chophatikizidwa ndi zina. Pamwambayo idapangidwa ndi magulu awiri agulugufe, omwe angalimbane ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu. Patsani mpando wachitsulo pazitsulo, kutseguka kakang'ono ndi chipata chotseguka, kapangidwe kazinthu zapadera, chitsimikizo chachikulu, moyo wautali, komanso mitundu yoyendayenda.
Valrumeal Valve: Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, valavu yothandizira yothandizira makina ndi chipangizo choteteza makina, chomwe chingakhazikitseke. Imagwira ntchito pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwambiri ndipo sikumakhudzidwa ndi chitsenderezo. Dongosolo likamatha, valavu imayamba pang'onopang'ono kumasula mavuto dongosolo. Makina opaka dongosolo akugwera pansi pa kukakamizidwa, valavu imayambiranso mwachangu, ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa dongosolo la dongosolo, kalumba kakang'ono ndi kukonza.
Valavu yosindikizidwa: Valavu yomangidwa-yosindikizidwa yosindikizidwa yosiyanasiyana yolumikizira zitsulo ndi kukana kwamphamvu ndi chitsimikizo chodalirika cha ntchito yotsatsa. Nthambi ya valavu imatengera kapangidwe kosinthika, ndipo chidindo chopitilira patsogolo chimatha kupitilizira moyo wa Valande. Valve iliyonse imadutsa mayeso a helium, omwe ali ndi kusindikiza kodalirika, kupewa kusiya komanso kuyika kosavuta.
Yendalok ali ndi zinthu zingapo komanso mitundu yathunthu. Itha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa za kasitomala. Pambuyo pake, mainjiniya azitsogolera kuyikapo mu njirayi, ndipo ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pake imayankha pakapita nthawi. Zogulitsa zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku makampani a nyukiliya ndi mwayi wokambirana!
Kuti mumve zambiri, chonde onanimatalogipaWebusayiti Yovomerezeka. Ngati muli ndi mafunso osankhidwa, chonde funsani ogulitsa 24-ola limodzi.
Post Nthawi: Mar-25-2022