Bakin karfewani nau'i ne na karfe, karfe yana nufin adadin carbon (C) a cikin 2% na gaba shine ake kira karfe, fiye da 2% shine ƙarfe. Karfe a cikin aikin narkewa don ƙara chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo) da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa don haɓaka aikin ƙarfe ta yadda ƙarfe ya kasance. juriya na lalata (wato, ba tsatsa ba) shine sau da yawa muna cewa bakin karfe.
Bakin karfe a cikin tsarin narkewa, saboda ƙari na abubuwan haɗakarwa na nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan daban-daban. Hakanan halayensa sun bambanta, don bambanta kambi akan lambobin ƙarfe daban-daban.
Common classification na bakin karfe
1. 304 bakin karfe
304 bakin karfe shine mafi yawan nau'in karfe, kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi a ko'ina, yana da juriya mai kyau na lalata, juriya na zafi, ƙananan zafin jiki da kaddarorin inji; Stamping, lankwasawa da sauran thermal aiwatar ikon ne mai kyau, babu zafi magani hardening sabon abu (ba Magnetic, sa'an nan amfani da zazzabi -196 ℃ ~ 800 ℃).
Iyakar aikace-aikace: kayan gida (1, 2 kayan tebur, kabad, bututun cikin gida, dumama ruwa, tukunyar jirgi, baho); Sassan mota (mai shafa iska, muffler, samfuran mold); Kayan aikin likitanci, Kayayyakin Gina, Chemistry, Masana'antar Abinci, Noma, Sassan Jirgin ruwa
2. 304L bakin karfe (L ne low carbon)
Kamar yadda low carbon 304 karfe, a cikin general jihar, ta lalata juriya da 304 kawai kama, amma bayan waldi ko danniya kawar, da juriya ga hatsi iyaka lalata ikon ne m; A cikin hali na babu zafi magani, kuma iya kula da kyau lalata juriya, da amfani da zazzabi -196 ℃ ~ 800 ℃.
Iyakar aikace-aikacen: ana amfani da su a cikin masana'antar sinadarai, kwal da masana'antar mai tare da manyan buƙatu na juriya ga lalata iyakokin hatsi na injunan waje, kayan gini da sassa masu juriya zafi da sassa tare da matsaloli a cikin maganin zafi.
3. 316 bakin karfe
316 bakin karfe saboda ƙari na molybdenum, don haka juriya na lalata, juriya na yanayi da ƙarfin zafin jiki yana da kyau musamman, ana iya amfani dashi a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsanani; Kyakkyawan aiki hardening (ba Magnetic).
Iyakar aikace-aikacen: kayan aikin ruwa na teku, sinadarai, dyestuff, yin takarda, oxalic acid, taki da sauran kayan aikin samarwa; Hotuna, masana'antar abinci, wuraren bakin teku, igiyoyi, sandunan CD, kusoshi, goro.
4.316L bakin karfe (L low carbon)
Kamar yadda low carbon jerin 316 karfe, ban da wannan halaye tare da 316 karfe, da juriya ga hatsi iyaka lalata yana da kyau kwarai.
Iyakar aikace-aikacen: buƙatun musamman don tsayayya da samfuran lalata iyakokin hatsi.
Kwatancen Ayyuka
1. Abubuwan sinadaran
Bakin karfe 316 da 316L molybdenum ne dauke da bakin karfe. Abubuwan da ke cikin molybdenum na bakin karfe 316L ya dan fi na bakin karfe 316. Saboda molybdenum a cikin karfe, aikin gaba ɗaya na karfe ya fi 310 da 304 bakin karfe. A karkashin yanayin zafi mai zafi, lokacin da maida hankali na sulfuric acid ya kasance ƙasa da 15% kuma fiye da 85%, 316 bakin karfe suna da fa'idar amfani. Bakin karfe 316 shima yana da kyawawan kaddarorin lalatawar chloride, don haka ana amfani da shi sosai a muhallin ruwa. 316L bakin karfe yana da iyakar carbon abun ciki na 0.03. Ya dace da aikace-aikace inda bayan-weld annealing ba zai yiwu ba kuma inda ake buƙatar matsakaicin juriya na lalata.
2. Cojuriya juriya
Rashin juriya na 316 bakin karfe yana da kyau fiye da na 304 bakin karfe. Yana da kyakkyawan juriya na lalata a cikin tsarin samar da ɓangaren litattafan almara da takarda. Kuma bakin karfe 316 shima yana da juriya ga zaizayar ruwa da masana'antu masu tsananin gaske. Gabaɗaya, 304 bakin karfe da 316 bakin karfe a cikin juriya ga abubuwan lalata sinadarai na ɗan bambanci, amma a wasu takamaiman kafofin watsa labarai sun bambanta.
Bakin karfe 304 an ƙera shi da farko, wanda ke kula da lalatawar Pitting a wasu lokuta. Ƙara ƙarin 2-3% molybdenum ya rage wannan hankali, wanda ya haifar da 316. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan ƙarin molybdenum na iya rage lalata wasu kwayoyin acid masu zafi.
316 bakin karfe ya kusan zama daidaitaccen abu a cikin masana'antar abinci da abin sha. Saboda ƙarancin molybdenum na duniya da mafi girman abun ciki na nickel a cikin bakin karfe 316, bakin karfe 316 ya fi 304 bakin karfe tsada.
Lalacewar rami wani al'amari ne da ke haifar da lalacewa da aka ajiye a saman bakin karfe, wanda ya faru ne saboda rashin iskar oxygen kuma ba zai iya samar da kariya ta chromium oxide ba. Musamman a cikin ƙananan bawuloli, akwai ƙananan damar sanyawa akan diski, don haka rami yana da wuya.
A cikin nau'ikan matsakaicin ruwa daban-daban (ruwan distilled, ruwan sha, ruwan kogi, ruwan tukunyar jirgi, ruwan teku, da sauransu), 304 bakin karfe da 316 bakin karfe juriya kusan iri daya ne, sai dai idan abun ciki na ion chloride a cikin matsakaici shine. sosai high, a wannan lokacin 316 bakin karfe ya fi dacewa. A mafi yawan lokuta, juriya na lalata 304 bakin karfe da 316 bakin karfe ba su da bambanci sosai, amma a wasu lokuta na iya zama daban-daban, yana buƙatar yin nazari akan kowane hali.
3. Juriya mai zafi
316 bakin karfe yana da kyakkyawan juriya na iskar shaka a cikin daina amfani da ƙasa da digiri 1600 da ci gaba da amfani da ke ƙasa da digiri 1700. A cikin kewayon digiri 800-1575, yana da kyau kada a ci gaba da tasiri na 316 bakin karfe, amma a cikin yanayin zafin jiki na ci gaba da amfani da 316 bakin karfe, bakin karfe yana da tsayayyar zafi mai kyau. 316L bakin karfe yana da mafi kyawun juriya ga hazo carbide fiye da bakin karfe 316, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na sama.
4. Maganin zafi
Ana yin gyaran fuska a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na 1850 zuwa 2050, sannan kuma annealing mai sauri sannan kuma mai saurin sanyaya. 316 bakin karfe ba za a iya overheated don taurare.
5. A walda
316 bakin karfe yana da kyakkyawan ikon walda. Ana iya amfani da duk daidaitattun hanyoyin walda don waldawa. Dangane da manufar walda, ana iya amfani da 316CB, 316L ko 309CB bakin karfe shirya sandar ko lantarki don waldawa. Domin samun mafi kyawun juriya na lalata, sashin walda na 316 bakin karfe yana buƙatar annealed bayan walda. Ba a buƙatar annealing weld idan an yi amfani da bakin karfe 316L.
Hikelokbakin karfe sumul tubingamfani da 316l abu. sauran bututu kayan aiki da bawuloli yawanci amfani da 316 abu.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-23-2022